A total of 130 countries representing more than 90% of global GDP are this week celebrating a landmark technical agreement to overhaul the global tax system and increase their revenues.
Paris, Berlin, Madrid, Rome and many others joined Brussels on Thursday evening in a collective celebration of the good news. But not everyone agrees.
Three EU member states – Estonia, Hungary and Ireland – refused to sign up to the deal, which was reached within the Inclusive Framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), a group that encompasses 139 countries and jurisdictions. Of all these, only nine opted out: Kenya, Nigeria, Peru, Sri Lanka, the three aforementioned EU countries, and two Caribbean islands generally considered tax havens: Barbados, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. All the G20 countries, including China, Russia and India, endorsed the agreement
According to the EU treaties, any changes to tax policy need to be approved by unanimity, which means that just one “no” is enough to derail a reform supported by the other 26 member states.
The unanimity requirement, also present in foreign policy, has created a disparate tax landscape across the bloc, where different regimes and rates coexist within a borderless single market.
Estonia, whose corporate tax rate ranges from 14 to 20% and only targets “distributed profits” (mainly earnings shared with shareholders as dividends), voiced two main objections to the OECD text.
“Firstly, the current version enables the state where the company’s headquarters is located to tax the profit earned in Estonia if Estonia has not taxed the local subsidiary’s profit within three to four years,” a statement from the Ministry of Finance said.
“Secondly, a minimum turnover rate should be set for the groups from which a minimum tax may be levied, rather than it being left open.”
The three countries insisted on one particular point: any OECD deal must meet the needs of all countries, both large and small. Ireland, Hungary and Estonia see their attractive corporate tax rates as an essential tool to compete against most powerful economies.
For Brussels, the bold move of Ireland, Hungary and Estonia puts the whole bloc in a precarious and somewhat awkward negotiating position, where the official line towards the international community is diminished by a group of small countries that together account for over 4% of the EU’s GDP,
(Estonian World Review)
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Luxembourg to legalize growing and using cannabis.
Posted in Cannabis Commentary, In the News, tagged cannabis, drugs, eu, freedom of choice on October 22, 2021| Leave a Comment »
Adults in Luxembourg will be permitted to grow up to four cannabis plants in their homes or gardens under laws that will make it the first country in Europe to legalise production and consumption of the drug. Under the legislation, people aged 18 and over will be able to legally grow up to four cannabis plants per household for personal use. Trade in seeds will also be permitted without any limit on the quantity or levels of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive constituent. Under a softening of the law, however, the consumption and transport of a quantity of up to 3 grams will no longer be considered a criminal offence, but classified as misdemeanour. Luxembourg will join Canada, Uruguay and 11 US states in flouting a UN convention on the control of narcotic drugs, which commits signatories to limit “exclusively for medical and scientific purposes the production, manufacture, export, import distribution, trade, employment and possession of drugs” including cannabis. Uruguay became the world’s first country to create a legal national marijuana marketplace when it legalised the drug in 2013, and Canada followed suit in 2018. (Daniel Boffey, The Guardian)
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